帮助:MediaWiki安装指南：修订间差异

这个页面介绍了本站的 MediaWiki 的安装笔记.

== 服务器配置 ==

'''服务器提供商''': 腾讯云-轻量云（轻量应用服务器）

'''地域和可用区''': 新加坡 | 新加坡一区

'''实例规格''':

* '''CPU''': 2核

* '''内存''': 2GB

* '''系统盘''': SSD云硬盘 50GB

* '''流量包''': 1024GB/月（峰值带宽 30Mbps）

== 服务器环境 ==

=== 操作系统 ===

'''镜像名称''': Debian

'''操作系统''': Debian 12.0 64bit

cat /etc/os-release

sudo apt update

sudo apt upgrade

=== 服务器软件 ===

* '''宝塔Linux面板''': 正式版9.4.0

wget -O install_panel.sh https://download.bt.cn/install/install_panel.sh && bash install_panel.sh ed8484bec

</syntaxhighlight>

* '''Apache 2.4.62 (PHP+fpm)'''

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">

which apache2

apache2 -v

</syntaxhighlight>

* '''MySQL 5.7.44'''（MediaWiki最低要求5.7，官方推荐MongoDB）

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">

which mysql

systemctl status mysql

</syntaxhighlight>

* '''PHP 8.2.27'''（MediaWiki最低要求8.1）

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">

which php

php -v

</syntaxhighlight>

* '''phpMyAdmin 5.2'''（可通过宝塔安装）

* '''ffmpeg 6.1'''（可通过宝塔安装）

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">

which ffmpeg

ffmpeg -version

=== 依赖软件安装 ===

==== php-wikidiff2 ====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">

apt-get install php-wikidiff2

find /usr/lib/ -name wikidiff2.so

nano /www/server/php/82/etc/php.ini

extension=/usr/lib/php/20220829/wikidiff2.so

php -m | grep wikidiff2

</syntaxhighlight>

<syntaxhighlight lang="php">

$wgDiffEngine = "wikidiff2";

$wgDiff3 = "/usr/bin/diff3";

==== LilyPond ====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">

sudo apt update

sudo apt install lilypond

lilypond --version

</syntaxhighlight>

<syntaxhighlight lang="php">

wfLoadExtension( 'Score' );

$wgScoreTrim = true;

$wgImageMagickConvertCommand = '/usr/bin/convert';

$wgScoreSafeMode = false;

</syntaxhighlight>

==== Ghostscript ====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">

sudo apt update

sudo apt install ghostscript

gs --version

</syntaxhighlight>

==== FluidSynth ====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">

sudo apt update

sudo apt install fluidsynth

fluidsynth --version

</syntaxhighlight>

==== LAME ====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">

sudo apt update

sudo apt install lame

lame --version

</syntaxhighlight>

$wgScoreLame = '/usr/bin/lame';

==== php-luasandbox ====

sudo apt update

sudo apt install php-luasandbox -y

find /usr/lib/php/ -name "luasandbox.so"

nano /www/server/php/82/etc/php.ini

extension=/usr/lib/php/20220829/luasandbox.so

php -m | grep luasandbox

</syntaxhighlight>

<syntaxhighlight lang="php">

wfLoadExtension( 'Scribunto' );

$wgScribuntoEngineConf['luasandbox']['memoryLimit'] = 50 * 1024 * 1024;

==== Composer ====

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">

composer update --no-dev

</syntaxhighlight>

== 服务器配置 ==

=== Apache相关 ===

'''禁用防跨站攻击 (open_basedir)'''

'''启用HTTPS防窜站'''

'''TLS 1.0和1.1禁用'''

'''伪静态配置'''

<syntaxhighlight lang="apache">

RewriteEngine On

RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off

RewriteRule ^ https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !\.(css|js|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|svg|woff|woff2|ttf|eot|less)$ [NC]

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/load.php [NC]

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/api.php [NC]

RewriteRule ^w/(.*)$ /index.php?title=$1 [L,QSA]

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d

RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /index.php [L,QSA]

</syntaxhighlight>

<syntaxhighlight lang="php">

wfLoadExtension( 'UrlShortener' );

$wgUrlShortenerTemplate = '/r/$1';

$wgUrlShortenerServer = "false";

$wgUrlShortenerEnableQrCode = true;

$wgUrlShortenerQrCodeShortenLimit = 200;

$actions = [

'view',

'edit',

'watch',

'unwatch',

'delete',

'revert',

'rollback',

'protect',

'unprotect',

'markpatrolled',

'render',

'submit',

'history',

'purge',

'info',

];

foreach ($actions as $action) {

$wgActionPaths[$action] = "/w/$action/$1";

}

$wgActionPaths['view'] = "/w/$1";

$wgArticlePath = $wgActionPaths['view'];

</syntaxhighlight>

=== SSL ===

=== Apache安全配置 ===

<syntaxhighlight lang="apache">

<Directory /www/wwwroot/lib/images/>

Options -ExecCGI -Indexes

AllowOverride None

<FilesMatch "\.(php|php5|pl|py|jsp|asp|htm|html|cgi|sh)$">

Require all denied

</FilesMatch>

Header always set X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff"

</Directory>

</syntaxhighlight>

=== MySQL相关 ===

'''官方建议''':

* 将所有表转为 InnoDB

* 将所有表转为 utf8mb4

=== PHP相关 ===

'''需要启用的插件'''（部分已默认启用）

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">

php -m

</syntaxhighlight>

<syntaxhighlight lang="php">

Core date libxml openssl pcre sqlite3 zlib bcmath ctype curl dom filter ftp gd gettext hash iconv intl json mbstring SPL session pcntl standard mysqlnd PDO pdo_mysql pdo_sqlite Phar posix random Reflection mysqli shmop SimpleXML soap sockets sodium sysvsem tokenizer xml xmlreader xmlwriter wikidiff2 luasandbox zip imagick fileinfo apcu exif calendar

</syntaxhighlight>

'''需要解除禁用的函数'''

<syntaxhighlight lang="php">

proc_open

popen

putenv

</syntaxhighlight>

== 站点配置 ==

=== 数据库信息安全 ===

'''LocalSettings.php'''

<syntaxhighlight lang="php">

include('/www/wwwroot/lib.php');

</syntaxhighlight>

'''lib.php'''

<syntaxhighlight lang="php">

<?php

$wgDBserver = 'localhost';

$wgDBname = '';

$wgDBuser = '';

$wgDBpassword = '';

?>

</syntaxhighlight>

=== 网站Logo ===

<syntaxhighlight lang="php">

$wgLogos = [

'1x' => "$wgResourceBasePath/Libary-4l.png",

'icon' => "$wgResourceBasePath/Libary-4l.png",

];

$wgFavicon = "$wgResourceBasePath/images/logos/Libary-4l.png";

$wgAppleTouchIcon = "$wgResourceBasePath/images/logos/Libary-4l.png";

$wgFooterIcons['logo'] = [

'yourcustomicon' => [

'src' => '/images/logos/Libary-1ll.png ',

'url' => $wgServer,

'alt' => 'Logo',

'height' => '31',

'width' => '68',

],

];

</syntaxhighlight>

=== 移动端皮肤 ===

<syntaxhighlight lang="php">

$wgDefaultMobileSkin = 'citizen';

</syntaxhighlight>

=== MediaWiki维护脚本 ===

<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">

php maintenance/run.php update.php --quick && \

php maintenance/run.php rebuildrecentchanges.php && \

php maintenance/run.php rebuildall.php && \

php maintenance/run.php rebuildtextindex.php && \

php maintenance/run.php refreshLinks.php && \

php maintenance/run.php cleanupTitles.php --dry-run

</syntaxhighlight>

== 参见 ==

https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Download/zh

https://www.bt.cn/new/download.html

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5

https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Formatting/zh

https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Magic_words/zh

https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Contents/zh

https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Contents/zh

https://www.huijiwiki.com/wiki/CommunityCenter